Graphene Particles Interfere with Pro‐Inflammatory Polarization of Human Macrophages: Functional and Electrophysiological Evidence

The interaction of two types fragmented graphene particles (30–160 nm) with human macrophages is studied. Since have significant phagocytic activity, the incorporation into cells has an effect on response to functional polarization stimuli, favoring anti-inflammatory profile. Incubation foam particles, prepared by chemical vapor deposition, and commercially available nanoplatelet does not affect cell viability when added at concentrations up 100 µg mL−1; exhibit differential quantitative responses each type particles. Although both materials elicit similar increases in release reactive oxygen species, impact transcriptional regulation associated profile different; nanoplatelets significantly modify this transcriptomic Moreover, these differentially motility phagocytosis macrophages. After macrophages, they specific terms mitochondrial consumption electrophysiological potassium currents plasma membrane. These data support view that physical structure macrophage responses, paving way for development new mechanisms modulate activity immune system.